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EXERCISE 5

Objectives

When you have finished this exercise you will be able to:

Data
  • The illustrative data to be used for the exercise have been saved either in .pdf, .gif format or .jpg format. These maps and cross-sections can be viewed and interpreted with a variety of different visualization software (including but not exclusive of Adobe Acrobat, Adobe Illustrator, Freehand, Canvas and/or Photoshop) or printed on a large frame plotter and interpreted by hand. These exercise illustrations are quite large (up to 500K in some cases) and they may take a little time to be displayed. Patience will be rewarded!!!!
  • The clickable map below is linked to a pdf file which locates the wells of the three cross sections of this exercise: namely a North-South Dip line and two strike lines a Northern Strike Line and a Southern Strike Line.
  • Use the Spontaneous Potential and Resistivity logs displayed on the North South Dip Line
As an alternative this map can also be viewed by clicking on the link to a large .jpg file
As an alternative this cross section can also be viewed as a large .gif file by clicking on the North-South Dip line
As an alternative this cross section can also be viewed as a large .jpg file by clicking on the North Eastern Section
As an alternative this cross section can also be viewed as a large .gif file by clicking on the North Western Section
As an alternative this cross section can also be viewed as a large .gif file by clicking on the South Eastern Section
As an alternative this cross section can also be viewed as a large .gif file by clicking on the South Western Section

Methods

Utilize the Gulf Coast slip-slide method to help you match the log sections and identify the same geologic events on the various wells.

    • To help with the interpretation of these latter logs an initial correlation has been made with the sections hung on three widespread surfaces. These are:

      • A basal surface correlated to the top of the P-5 silt
      • A surface representing the top of the P-3 silt at the center of the section and around which it is flattened
      • The top of the section is marked by the top of the silt that lies at the contact between the Roblecito and Pascua Formations.
    • Color sands yellow and shales green.
    • Correlate using the Event 7 as your basic datum.
    • For each parasequence identify the TSs (transgressive surfaces) and then correlate these on all the well logs provided. These transgressive correlation surfaces are used in all the sets of exercises. They extend across the area penetrated by the wells, except where they are interrupted by the incision of local channels. These surfaces cap silty horizons that are equated with surfaces of transgression (TS) that formed at wave base, and above, when the sea floor was reworked just following a sea level low.
    • Click on the thumbnail below to view the movie that demonstrates the technique that first uses the transgressive surfaces to build a framework of parasequences from these correlated surfaces and then infills the other surfaces between these as outlined below!


    • Don't forget to use the left and right keyboard arrows to control the forward and backward motion of the movie so you can review this as you view it!
    • Normally radioactive peaks on Gamma Ray Logs, associated with mfs, are more extensive and often represent better correlatable surfaces but Gamma Ray Logs were not available for much of the Guarico Sub Basin. For this reason you should use geologic logic to infer the location of the Maximum Flooding Surface (mfs) and correlate these on all the well logs.
    • Make a cross-section first correlating the shales for all the wells and then correlating the sands.
    • Pick base of massive sands and correlate these from well to well when they occur on other logs in other wells.
    • Identify the sequence boundaries (SB) at base of the massive sands and correlate these from well to well.
    • Identify all system tracts, including the incised valley, on all well logs.
    • For each parasequence (bounded by mfs's) estimate and record the net sand (in feet).
    • Correlations should be made across the entire area delineated by all the cross sections.
    • Tie the stratigraphic dip and two stratigraphic strike sections and build a the correlation framework for the E-logs. These correlations have been tied into existing biostratigraphic and palynologic markers to bracket the age of the intervals and help interpret the depositional setting of the sediments and the frequency of their cyclicity.
    • Click on the thumbnial below to view the movie that tracks an interpretation of the character of the sedimentary fill of the Guarico Basin during the deposition of the La Pascua Formation.


Don't forget to use the left and right keyboard arrows to control the forward and backward motion of the movie so you can review this as you view it!
  • Provide an overall analysis that describes your conclusions.

As with the earlier four exercises (Exercise 1, Exercise 2, Exercise 3 and Exercise 4) to help with your interpretation of the well logs you should read the earlier sections related to the geologic setting of the La Pascua Formation and the introduction to the sequence stratigraphy of the La Pascua Formation. From these you will gain knowledge of the depositional setting of these rocks. You should combine the techniques outlined above with your understanding of the regional geology and the vertical and lateral facies relationships in near shore clastic settings (eg. shoreline, beach, stacked beaches, tidal flats, deltas) and Walther's Law. You should use these to build a depositional model and a sequence stratigraphic interpretation of the well log section.

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Last Revised: April 19, 2006