Newman Lst Mississippian


Visible in this Appalachian Basin classic exposure of the Pound Gap Road Cut in Kentucky on Route 23 at the front of the Pine Mountain Thrust are, from the base up, the Newman Limestone through Pennington Formations Visible in this Appalachian Basin classic exposure of the Pound Gap Road Cut in Kentucky on Route 23 at the front of the Pine Mountain Thrust are, from the base up, the Mississippian rocks of the Grainger, the Newman Limestone through Pennington Formations Most of the visible exposure is the Mississippian Newman Limestone. Above is the Pennington Formation and below the Grainger Formation in this Kentucky Pound Gap Road Cut on Route 23 at the front of the Pine Mountain Thrust in the Appalachian Basin Exaposure of the Newman Limestone from its base where it overllies the Grainger Formation to the Stoney Gap Formation above. At the bottom of the photograph of the road cut is of the Mississippian Grainger Formation and above is the base of the overlying Mississippian Newman Limestone. This Lower Newman Limestone fills the upper two thirds of the image and is composed of relatively continuous beds of shallow water limestone that are locally mounded and channeled. Bedding planes are irregular but sharp with some shale filled partings and there are prominent chocolate brown dolomitic siltstone bodies towards to top of the image The base of the visible portion this road cut marks the top the Lower Mississippian Sunbury Shale that is locally coffee colored. Most of the photograph is of the Mississippian Grainger Formation which is composed of alternating relatively continuous to occasionally shallowly channeled beds of sand with uniform sharp bedding planes and shale; both lithologies vary in thickness and the sands often exhibit Bouma sequences suggesting deposition from turbidite currents that were active over a mid to outer fan setting. The lower portion of the formation is shale rich and probably from a deeper water setting and a more distal portion of the fan. At the top of the photograph is the overlying Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation The basal half of this photograph of the road cut is of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone. This is composed of relatively continuous beds of shallow water carbonate that locally develop mounds and are channeled. Beds have irregular but sharp bedding planes and some shale partings and siltstones. At the top of the outcrop are the clastic rich Mississippian Upper Newman and Pennington Formations A the base of the photograph is the Mississippian Grainger Formation which is composed of alternating relatively continuous of sand with uniform sharp bedding planes and shale. Most the upper two thirds of the photograph is the overlying Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. This is composed of relatively continuous beds of shallow water carbonate that locally develop mounds and are channeled. Beds have irregular but sharp bedding planes with some shale partings and prominent dolomitic siltstones A the base of the photograph is a small exposure of the Mississippian Grainger Formation with continuous beds of sand with uniform sharp bedding planes and shale. Most the upper portion of the photograph is the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. This is composed of relatively continuous beds of shallow water carbonate that locally develop mounds and are channeled. Beds have irregular but sharp bedding planes with some shale partings and dolomitic siltstones At the base of the photograph is a small exposure of the Mississippian Grainger Formation with continuous beds of sand with uniform sharp bedding planes and shale. Most the upper portion of the photograph is the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. This is composed of relatively continuous beds of shallow water carbonate that locally develop mounds and are channeled. Beds have irregular but sharp bedding planes, some shale partings and dolomitic siltstones Pound Gap and a view of the contact between the interbedded sands and shales of the Mississippian Grainger and the overlying Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Note the chocolate colored dolomite horizon just above the contact Pound Gap at the contact between the interbedded sands and shales of the Mississippian Grainger and the overlying Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Note the chocolate colored dolomite horizon just above the contact. This is composed of relatively continuous beds of shallow water carbonate that locally develop mounds and are channeled. Beds have irregular but sharp bedding planes and some shale partings and dolomitized siltstones Contact between the top of unit 113 and bottom of 112 from the measured of the Geological Section of the Kentucky Geological Survey from their 1998 Field Trip Guide. The Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation exhibits high energy laminated ooid layers just below a silt layer. Pound Gap and the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation where it is exhibiting high energy laminated ooid layers just below a dolomitized silt layer Contact between top 113 and bottom of 112 from the measured of the Geological Section of the Kentucky Geological Survey from their 1998 Field Trip Guide. Dolomitized silt layer in the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation just above a high energy laminated ooid layer. An outcrop picture from Pound Gap in Kentucky Part of unit 111 of the Kentucky Geological Survey measured section from the 1998 field trip, cross bedded and channeled the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation just above a low energy micritic horizon Cross bedded and channeled the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation just above a low energy micritic horizon (location of Figure 134). These Pound Gap rocks exhibit part of unit 111 from the Kentucky Geological Survey measured section, 1998 field trip The center of the photograph is unit 111 of the Kentucky Geological Survey measured section from 1998 field trip. The unit is part of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation, is 17 feet thick, is a mudstone at its base that shoals up to oolitic grainstone with an upper surface of a tan shaley dolomitic limestone. This micritic unit is cross bedded and/or channeled just above a low energy micritic horizon (location of Figures 134 and 135) Contact between top unit 112 and base of 111 from the Kentucky Geological Survey measured section, 1998 field trip. Shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation exposed in Pound Gap, Kentucky Contact between top of unit 112 and bottom of 111 from the Kentucky Geological Survey measured section, 1998 field trip. Local mounded bedding of the shallow water carbonates found in the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation of Pound Gap, Kentucky Irregular dolomite layer at top of unit 112, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. Local mounded bedding of the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Not the dolomitized layer in the middle ground of the photograph with dolomitized silt below and a dolomitized silt above Contact between top of unit 111 and bottom of 110, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. This has horizontal to slightly dipping thin bedding of the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Close to the top of the photograph are cross beds inclined to the left suggesting that migrating shallow channels moved through this setting. The horizontal to slightly dipping thin bedding suggests accumulation in a swash zone or just seaward Cycles of the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation are punctuated by tan shaley dolomitic limestones. Note point bar cross beds or mound margin clinoforms suggesting that migrating carbonate bodies moved within unit 111, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. Pound Gap road cut exposures in Kentucky on Rt 23 Sharp contact between top of unit 113 and bottom 112, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. Overview of the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation features to be seen in figures 137 through 141 just above the contact with the Mississippian Grainger Formation At bottom right brown round surface marks top of unit 111 and base of 110, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. Tan layer marks top of 110 and base of 109. Photograph of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Here relatively continuous beds of shallow water carbonate that locally develop mounds and are channeled. Beds have irregular but sharp bedding planes. Note the dolomitized siltstone layers scattered through the outcrop that form clear markers Fenestral bryozoan scattered through the shallow water micrites and packstones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation of Pound Gap in Kentucky Middle of unit 110, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. Storm wave base is giving these shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation their irregular fill character in conjunction with low angle cross beds or mound margin clinoforms indicating migrating carbonate bodies moving in this setting. Note the two prominent dolomitized silts Lower/dark layer marks top of unit 110 and base of 109, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. Storm wave base is giving these shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation their irregular fill character in conjunction with low angle cross beds or mound margin clinoforms indicating migrating carbonate bodies moving in this setting. Note the two prominent dolomitized silts Lower tan/dark layer is top of unit 110 and base of unit 109, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. Storm wave base is giving these shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation their irregular fill character in conjunction with low angle cross beds or mound margin clinoforms indicating migrating carbonate bodies moving in this setting. Note the two prominent dolomitized silts Eroded surface marks top of unit 112 and base of unit 111, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. Note point bars in unit 111. Thin tan layer marks top of unit 111. Storm wave base is giving these shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation their irregular fill character in conjunction with low angle cross beds or mound margin clinoforms indicating migrating carbonate bodies moving in this setting. Note the two prominent dolomitized silts and the dolomitized irregular unit at the base of the section Bottom tan layer marks top of unit 111 and base of unit 110, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. It is interpreted that storm waves eroded this shelf and caused the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to develop their irregular character while local currents formed the low angle cross beds and carbonate mound margins with clinoforms formed as these migrated across this setting. Note the prominent dolomitized silt-forming core of enveloping carbonate mound in the center of this image. The silts are probably have a subaerial source It is interpreted that storm waves eroded this shelf and caused the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to develop their irregular character while local currents formed the low angle cross beds and carbonate mound margins with clinoforms formed as these migrated across this setting. Note two prominent beds of dolomitized silt interbedded with the shallow carbonates in the center of this image. The silts are probably have a subaerial source. Lower tan/dark layer is top unit 110 and base of 109, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 During deposition storm waves are believed to have eroded the shelf surface and caused these shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their irregular character, while local currents accounted for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Note two prominent beds of dolomitized silt interbedded with the shallow carbonates in the center of this image. These silts probably have a subaerial source. Lower tan/dark layer is top 110 and base of 109, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998.  During sediment deposition storm waves are believed to have eroded the shelf surface and caused these shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their irregular character, while local currents accounted for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Note two prominent beds of dolomitized silt interbedded with the shallow carbonates in the center of this image and locally forming clinoforms. These silts probably had a subaerial source. Lower tan/dark layer is top of unit 110 and base of 109, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 During sediment deposition storm waves are interpreted to have eroded the shelf surface and caused these shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their irregular character, while local currents accounted for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Note two prominent beds of dolomitized silt interbedded with the shallow carbonates in the center of this image. These silts probably had a subaerial source. Lower tan/dark layer is top unit of unit 110 and base of 109, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 The intraclastic packstone fabric seen here in the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation, probably formed in a response to storm waves erosion and transport across the shelf surface. It is tied to the irregular eroded character of the associated bedding planes, though local currents probably account for the low angle cross beds and carbonate mound margin clinoforms that suggest migrating bodies which moved across this setting. Tan is top of unit 108, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 This combination alternating layers of micrite and intraclastic packstone of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation is probably a product of storm wave erosion and transport across this shelf surface. It is associated with the irregular eroded character of the bedding planes, while local currents account for the low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. The overlying dolomitic silt is interpreted to be the product of a base level change that produced subaerial exposure and windblown sediment transport (detail of Figure 156). This is unit 108 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 Alternating irregular beds of packstones and mudstones interbedded with dolomitic silts. At the base of the image is a combination alternating layers of micrite and intraclastic packstone of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation, probably having accumulated in response to storm waves erosion and transport across this shelf surface. This is interpreted to be related to the irregular eroded character of the bedding planes, with local currents accounting for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. The overlying dolomitic silt is thought to be related to a base level beat related to subaerial exposure and windblown sediment transport (distant view of Figure 155). This is unit 108 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide,1998 Thin irregular beds of shallow water limestone from the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation, interpreted here to be the product of deposition at the shore face overlying carbonate bodies that once moved across this setting. Marc Russell as scale. From ground up, there is 16 ½ feet of unit 108 in front of Marc Russell, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Wave dominated hummocky cross-bedded and thin-bedded irregular and lenticular-bedded shallow water packstones and mudstones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation, interpreted to have accumulated just seaward of a shore face. This is unit 108 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Detail of Figure 158 featuring wave dominated hummocky cross-bedded and thin-bedded irregular and lenticular-bedded shallow water packstones and mudstones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation interpreted to have accumulated just seaward of a shore face within wave base. This is unit 108 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 More of similar and adjacent facies to those featured in Figure 158 but with wave dominated hummocky cross-bedded and thin-bedded irregular and lenticular-bedded shallow water packstones and mudstones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation that suggest accumulation just seaward of a shore face within wave base.This is unit 108 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Storm waves probably eroded and reworked these sediments that accumulated across the depositional surface of this shelf and induced the shallow water limestones in the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to form their irregular character, while local tidal currents may have caused the development of low angle cross beds and migrating carbonate low relief mound margin clinoforms that moved across this setting. Unit 105 shown in center is base of 105 and is 23 feet thick ending at dark base of unit 104, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. Number 105 is top of 106 which has bottom 6 feet down and highlighted by small caves Storm waves probably eroded and reworked the sediments accumulating across the depositional surface of this shelf and induced these shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their irregular character, while local tidal currents may have caused the development of low angle cross beds and migrating carbonate low relief mound margin clinoforms that moved across this setting. Most of bench up close is 105, with 104 starting at first darker layer and extending up to top of second dark layer, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is Unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and caused the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Chert rich intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation, probably associated with overlying exposure and soil horizon development. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone, with local corals and other bioclasts and mudstones forming the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Here these carbonates probably accumulated in a response to storm wave erosion just seaward of the shoreface, waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shallow lagoonal shelf surface producing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone, with local corals and other bioclasts and mudstones forming the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Here these carbonates probably accumulated in a response to storm wave erosion just seaward of the shoreface, waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shallow lagoonal shelf surface producing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone with local corals and other bioclasts and mudstones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation, probably accumulating in a response to storm waves erosion just seaward of the shoreface, waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shallow lagoonal shelf surface and the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. Interbedded with these facies are chert rich intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabrics probably associated with overlying exposure and soil horizon development. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded chert rich intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabrics, the chert probably associated with overlying exposure and soil horizon development of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 This is a more distant view of the Figure 170 and the interbedded chert rich intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabrics, the chert probably being associated with overlying exposure and soil horizon development of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Note the 101-paint mark of unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Just above Figure 171; note the low angle cross beds and/or mound margin clinoforms that appear to suggest migrating carbonate bodies that moved across this setting the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Storm waves are interpreted to have eroded and reworked the sediments that accumulated here in this lagoonal or shelf setting and caused these shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their irregular character, with local currents accounted for the development of low angle cross beds and migrating carbonate mound margin clinoforms that moved across this setting Local tidal or wind driven currents are interpreted to have produced the low angle cross beds and migrating carbonate mound margin clinoforms at the top of this photograph. These features probably moved across the depositional setting while storm waves also eroded across this lagoonal shelf surface where the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation accumulated. Note 101 mark and that Liz is pointing at 5 feet of unit 100, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 Local currents are interpreted to have formed the low angle cross beds and/or migrating carbonate mound margin clinoforms of the top of this photograph. These probably moved across this setting while storm waves also eroded across this lagoonal to shelf surface where these shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation accumulated. Note the unit 99-paint mark of the Kentucky Survey measured section, 1998 Field Trip. Unit 100 is five feet thick at bottom, then 2 feet thick chert is unit 99, then 18 feet of unit 98 above Shallow water oolitic and bioclastic grainstone carbonates of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Note the 98 paint mark denoting that unit of the Kentucky Geological Survey measured section from their 1998 Field Trip Inclined laminations of intraclastic grainstones and packstones probably associated with a shoreface setting in the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. This unit 98 of the measured Geological Section from Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 Pound Gap - Geology 325 Field Trip April 2005 Pound Gap - Geology 325 Field Trip April 2005 Pound Gap - Geology 325 Field Trip April 2005 Pound Gap - Geology 325 Field Trip April 2005 Pound Gap at the exposure of the contact between the interbedded sands and shales of the Mississippian Grainger and the overlying Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Note the chocolate colored dolomite horizon just above the contact. The limestone here is composed of relatively continuous beds of shallow water carbonate that locally develop mounds and are channeled. Beds have irregular but sharp bedding planes with some shale partings and dolomitized siltstones Details of the Pound Gap eroded contact between the interbedded sands and shales of the Mississippian Grainger below and the overlying Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Note the chocolate colored dolomite horizon just above the contact. The limestone have irregular but sharp bedding planes. Dr. Abdulrahman Alissa when he was a graduate student and a scale Details of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation some tens of feet above its erosional contact with the Mississippian Grainger. Note the chocolate colored silty dolomite horizon interbedded with the limestone. The limestone have irregular but sharp bedding planes and clinoforms. The scale is Nassir Alnaji when he was a graduate student A change in base level is interpreted to have been responsible for the more prominent bedding planes, though storm waves are believed to have eroded across this shelf and caused these shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their locally irregular character; while local currents accounted for the development of low angle cross beds (see center of photograph) and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Note shale beds and filled bedding plane partings. Unit 94 from base to green layer, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 Close to the top of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation where the limestones exhibit a locally irregular character, probably the result of storm reworking, while local currents account for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Note the exposure of the Upper Newman Limestone in the upper right-hand corner of the photograph. Unit 94extends from base to green layer, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 Close to the top of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation with the limestones exhibiting a locally irregular character probably the result of storm reworking, while local currents accounted for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. The two indentations (left and center) are top of unit 98, 97 is above at 25 feet thick, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 The Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation with limestones exhibiting a locally irregular character probably the result of storm reworking, while local currents account for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this depositional setting. The bedding plane crack displayed at center right is base of unit 98 and flat portion above this is 98, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998. Unit 98 extends 18 feet above crack The Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation with limestones exhibiting a locally irregular character probably the result of storm reworking, while local currents account for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Most of the photograph is of unit 105 in foreground, but the extent of unit 104 above has not been established for this image, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 Storm waves are interpreted to have eroded this shelf surface and caused the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their irregular character, while local currents account for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Note two prominent beds of dolomitized silt interbedded with the shallow carbonates in the center of this image. These are interpreted to be the product of subaerial exposure and windblown transport to their current, probably marine depositional setting. Unit 109 extends between 2 tan layers, with unit 110 beneath, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 Storm waves are interpreted to have eroded this shelf surface and caused the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their irregular character, while local currents account for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Major portion of bottom foreground is unit 105, but the extent of 104 above has not been established in this image, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 Storm waves are interpreted to have eroded this shelf surface and caused the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their irregular character, while local currents account for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Note two prominent beds of dolomitized silt interbedded with the shallow carbonates in the center of this image. These are interpreted to be the product of subaerial exposure and windblown transport to their current, probably marine depositional setting. The large black area centered around the angled arm of the light standard is unit 109, beneath is 110 and so on down, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Storm waves are interpreted to have eroded this shelf surface and caused the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their irregular character, while local currents account for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Note two prominent beds of dolomitized silt interbedded with the shallow carbonates in the center of this image. These are interpreted to be the product of subaerial exposure and windblown transport to their current, probably marine depositional setting. Close to the center of the photograph are irregular brecciated dolomites associated with subaerial exposure. Unit 113 extends from the bottom right with successive units on up above it, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 Storm waves are interpreted to have eroded this shelf surface and caused the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their irregular character, while local currents account for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Note two prominent beds of dolomitized silt interbedded with the shallow carbonates in the center of this image. These are interpreted to be the product of subaerial exposure and windblown transport to their current, probably marine depositional setting. Close to the center of the photograph are irregular brecciated dolomites associated with subaerial exposure. Unit 113 extends up from the bottom and is capped by overlying units upward, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 Storm waves are interpreted to have eroded this shelf surface and caused the shallow water limestones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation to have their irregular character, while local currents account for the development of low angle cross beds and mound margin clinoforms suggesting migrating carbonate bodies moving across this setting. Note two prominent beds of dolomitized silt interbedded with the shallow carbonates in the center of this image. These are interpreted to be the product of subaerial exposure and windblown transport to their current, probably marine depositional setting. Close to the center of the photograph are irregular brecciated dolomites associated with subaerial exposure. Base is unit 114 with 112 between tan layers, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998.  Pound Gap and a view of the eroded contact between the interbedded sands and shales of the Mississippian Grainger (most of which is exposed in this photograph) and the overlying Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Note the chocolate colored dolomite horizon just above the contact Pound Gap and a view of the eroded contact between the interbedded sands and shales of the upper half of the Mississippian Grainger and the overlying Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Note the chocolate colored dolomite horizon just above the contact Pound Gap and a view of the eroded contact between the interbedded sands and shales of the upper half of the Mississippian Grainger and the overlying Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Note the chocolate colored dolomite horizon just above the contact Pound Gap and a view of the eroded contact between the interbedded sands and shales of the upper third of the Mississippian Grainger and the overlying Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. Note the chocolate colored dolomite horizon just above the contact.   Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including cross sections of the plates of bryozoan crust that look like the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites (shepherds crooks in cross section) in the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes.Unit 101, see the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Photograph featuring wave dominated hummocky cross-bedded and thin-bedded irregular and lenticular-bedded shallow water packstones and mudstones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation interpreted to have accumulated just seaward of a shore face within wave base. This is unit 108 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide 1998 Photograph featuring wave dominated hummocky cross-bedded and thin-bedded irregular and lenticular-bedded shallow water packstones and mudstones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation interpreted to have accumulated just seaward of a shore face within wave base. This is unit 108 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Photograph featuring wave dominated hummocky cross-bedded and thin-bedded irregular and lenticular-bedded shallow water packstones and mudstones of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation interpreted to have accumulated just seaward of a shore face within wave base. This is unit 108 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including cross sections of the plates of bryozoan crust that look like the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites (prominent white shepherds crooks in cross section) of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including corals and brozoan of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes.This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including the cross sections of plates of crustose byozoan that resemble the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites (prominent white shepherds crooks in cross section) of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including the cross sections of plates of crustose byozoan that resemble the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites (prominent white shepherds crooks in cross section) of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes.This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including the cross sections of plates of crustose byozoan that resemble the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites (prominent white shepherds crooks in cross section) of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including the cross sections of plates of crustose byozoan that resemble the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites (prominent white shepherds crooks in cross section) of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes.This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including the cross sections of plates of crustose byozoan that resemble the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites (prominent white shepherds crooks in cross section) of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998.   Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including cross sections of solitary rugose corals, brachiopods and the cross sections of plates of crustose byozoan that resemble the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including cross sections of solitary rugose corals, brachiopods and the cross sections of plates of crustose byozoan that resemble the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including the cross sections of plates of crustose byozoan that resemble the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites (prominent white shepherds crooks in cross section) of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including corals, brachiopod valves and the cross sections of plates of crustose byozoan that resemble the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites (prominent white shepherds crooks in cross section) of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998 Interbedded intraclastic packstone and mudstone fabric rich in bioclasts including corals, brachiopod valves and the cross sections of plates of crustose byozoan that resemble the carapaces of giant coarse trilobites (prominent white shepherds crooks in cross section) of the Lower Mississippian Newman Limestone Formation. These sediments probably accumulated where storm wave erosion occurred just seaward of the shoreface, with waves driving local transport of this sediments across this shelf surface and causing the local irregular eroded character of the bedding planes. This is unit 101 of the measured Geological Section, Kentucky Geological Survey Field Trip Guide, 1998

 Lower Newman Limestone Mississippian
 
The Lower Newman Mississippian limestone is composed of relatively continuous beds of shallow water limestone that range from grainstones, often oolitic to to bioclastic wackestones and mudstones, that are locally mounded and channeled. bedding planes are irregular but sharp with some shale filled partings and there are prominent chocolate brown dolomitic siltstone bodies towards the top.
Tuesday, September 17, 2013
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